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泛在云场景下Serverless计算的机遇与挑战

Serverless Computing with Ubiquitous Cloud: Opportunities and Challenges

  • 摘要: 算力和网络基础设施的异构化、大规模化和跨地域化的快速发展使得云计算从数据中心云向泛在云的方向演变,Serverless计算作为新兴的函数式编程范式天然契合泛在云业务场景。然而,现阶段的Serverless编程框架在大规模服务构建、跨地域资源调度以及函数运行时优化等方面仍存在不足,例如有限的单函数计算能力难以支撑大型复杂任务的计算需求,跨地域的异构资源整合和函数调度方面仍缺乏产业实践,同时函数间的通信开销和长冷启动时延问题影响用户体验,需对当前的Serverless编程框架进一步改进以适配泛在云业务场景需求。针对上述问题,本文初步探讨了如何基于Serverless计算构建面向泛在云的跨域通用任务编程框架,以实现服务水平协议(service level agreement, SLA)保障下的分布式云服务开发部署和分层多级算力基础设施的高效利用,最后展望了对未来智能泛在云的发展构想。

     

    Abstract: The rapidly emerging multi-layer hierarchical cloud and network infrastructures have enabled cloud computing to evolve from a data center-centric model to the ubiquitous cloud. Serverless computing, also known as “Function as a service (FaaS)”, inherently aligns with the requirements of ubiquitous cloud applications. However, existing FaaS programming frameworks exhibit limitations in large-scale cloud service deployment, geo-distributed resource management, and function runtime abstraction. For example, the constrained CPU resources of individual functions struggle to meet the demands of complex tasks, and there is a lack of industry practice in cross-region function scheduling with heterogeneous hardware. Moreover, inter-function communication overhead and long cold-start latency can significantly degrade the user experience. This leads to a challenging and urgent problem for cloud providers to exploit the potential of serverless computing in such scenarios. In this paper, we present several system-level analyses and discuss the design of a generic proposed cross-region FaaS framework that aims to facilitate the deployment of distributed cloud services under SLA guarantees while achieving high resource utilization on ubiquitous cloud infrastructures. Finally, we further propose a future development of intelligent ubiquitous cloud ecosystems.

     

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