Abstract: In order to optimize the scientific research talent selection system and incentive mechanism, the state has taken the lead in establishing a number of talent programs, and has constructed the current academic title system. Based on the discussion results of the CCF YOCSEF headquarters opinion forum on “How to regain the original intention of the academic title in the new era”, this article systematically sorts out the original intention of the establishment of the system, the current difficulties it faces and its reform path. The article first reviews the original intention of the academic title system to rapidly enhance scientific research capabilities by promoting “high-end leadership” and “optimal allocation of resources”, and then deeply analyzes the five major prominent problems exposed by the current system. In response to these drawbacks, the article proposes a systematic and constructive reform plan from six aspects: mechanism decoupling, resource allocation, review innovation, academic community construction, refined management and policy coordination, aiming to promote the academic title to return to its essence of academic honor, reshape a healthy and honest scientific research ecology, and lay a talent and cultural foundation for achieving high-level independent development of science and technology.