Applications and Implementation of Large Language Models in Industrial Manufacturing: Opportunities and Challenges

Large language models are entering and empowering the intelligent transformation of the industrial manufacturing sector with their robust knowledge representation, multimodal perception, and complex reasoning and computational capabilities. Based on the series of reports on industrial large language models organized by CCF YOCSEF Shenzhen in 2024 and 2025, this article summarizes the current application status and challenges of large language models in China’s industrial sector. The article first analyzes five major application scenarios in the industrial field. Subsequently, a comparative study is conducted on three typical implementation models—in-house development, outsourcing, and open-source, considering cost-benefit analysis, risk assessment, and long-term development. Finally, in response to these key issues, this article provides reflections and recommendations for the development of large language models in China’s industrial sector.